Bacteria
Bacteria (/ b æ k ˈ t ɪər i ə / ; sg.: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell.They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms.Typically a few micrometres
Scientists want to use bacteria to revolutionize energy storage
They propose employing bacteria to store such energy in a solution at once sustainable and ingenious. Scientists think electroactive microbes can be engineered to work with wind and solar energy to produce biofuels like isobutanol and propanol that can be burned on their own or added to other substances — gasoline, for instance.
Electron and carbon balances in microbial fuel cells reveal temporary bacterial storage behavior during electricity
Nile blue staining of biomass samples revealed lipophilic inclusions during high substrate conditions, thus confirming the storage of polymeric material in the bacterial cells. The method also allows for indirect measurement of growth yields, which ranged from 0 to 0.54 g biomass-C formed per g substrate-C used, depending on the type of substrate
High Aspect Ratio Nanostructures Kill Bacteria via Storage and Release of Mechanical Energy
We show, using three-dimensional transmission electron microscopy, that the exceptionally high aspect ratio (100-3000) of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) imparts extreme flexibility, which enhances the elastic energy storage in CNTs as they bend in contact with bacteria. Our experimental and theoretical analyses
8: Microbial Metabolism
Throughout earth''s history, microbial metabolism has been a driving force behind the development and maintenance of the planet''s biosphere. Eukaryotic organisms such as plants and animals typically depend on organic molecules for energy, growth, and reproduction. Prokaryotes, on the other hand, can metabolize a wide range of organic as
Bio-batteries: creating energy from bacteria | Engineering and
Microbial fuel cell. Grow these bacteria on an electrode and you effectively end up with the anode half of a battery. Couple this anode to a cathode, feed the bacteria with carbon-based organic matter, say, from industrial wastewater, and you can construct a microbial fuel cell, or MFC, that generates electricity, albeit in small amounts.
Electroactive microorganisms in bioelectrochemical systems
Angenent, L. et al. Comments on "Electricity generation by Enterobacter cloacae SU-1 in mediator less microbial fuel cell" by Samrot et al., Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 35 (15) 2010, 7723–7729
Intracellular carbon storage by microorganisms is an overlooked
Microbial biomass growth is frequently understood as synonymous with the replicative growth of microbial populations. However, the incorporation of C into storage compounds represents an
Microbial carbon use efficiency promotes global soil carbon storage
We used the full dataset of 57,267 SOC profiles to optimize the microbial model at the global scale by the PRODA approach. The optimized microbial model explains 54% (median value of 53%, 2 σ
Extracellular polymeric substances are transient media for microbial extracellular electron transfer
Most electrochemically active microorganisms are Gram-negative bacteria (), but some Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts, such as WS-XY1 and Ps (), are also electrochemically active. The two strains WS-XY1 and Ps were therefore also chosen to address the role of EPS in the EET processes of Gram-positive bacteria and yeast,
Energetic scaling in microbial growth | PNAS
A consistent thermodynamic framework based on reaction stoichiometry allows us to quantify how much of the available energy microbes can efficiently convert into new
Microbial Electrochemical Energy Storage and Recovery in a
Cells and cell clusters were spread across the electrode surface, as seen by confocal microscopy. These results suggest that a single microbial electrochemical biofilm can
Bacteria
Some heterotrophic bacteria can metabolize sugars or complex carbohydrates to produce energy. These bacteria must produce a number of specific proteins, including enzymes that degrade the polysaccharides into their constituent sugar units, a transport system to accumulate the sugar inside the cell, and enzymes to convert
Cytoplasmic Granules in Bacteria • Microbe Online
Written by Acharya Tankeshwar in General Microbiology. Cytoplasmic granules or inclusion bodies are concentrated deposits of certain substances. Their location is in the cytoplasm of certain bacteria. They
Biotechnological Aspects of Microbial Extracellular Electron
Microbial electrosynthesis is a biotechnology based on microbial energy conversion from electricity to chemical fuels (56, 77, 82). The utilization of microbial CO 2 fixation activities for the synthesis of chemical fuels has advantages over technologies based on inorganic catalysts because the production of multi-carbon compounds from CO 2 with
4.6B: Cell Inclusions and Storage Granules
Cell Inclusions and Storage Granules. Bacteria, despite their simplicity, contain a well-developed cell structure responsible for many unique biological properties not found among archaea or eukaryotes. Because of the simplicity of bacteria relative to larger organisms, and the ease with which they can be manipulated experimentally, the cell
4.1 Energy and Metabolism
Thus, the products of these reactions can be thought of as energy-storing molecules. These chemical reactions are called endergonic reactions and they are non-spontaneous. An endergonic reaction will not take place on its own without the addition of free 4.6
Energy intake, metabolic homeostasis, and human health
Abstract. The energy substances (mainly carbohydrates and fats) are the basis and guarantee of life activity, especially the oxidative phosphorylation for energy supply. However, excessive absorption and accumulation of these substances can lead to metabolic diseases such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and cancers.
Metabolism, cell growth and the bacterial cell cycle
Adaptation to fluctuations in nutrient availability is a fact of life for single-celled organisms in the ''wild''. A decade ago our understanding of how bacteria adjust cell cycle parameters to accommodate changes in nutrient availability stemmed almost entirely from elegant physiological studies completed in the 1960s.
Harnessing microorganisms for bioenergy with Microbial Fuel
Within this context of escalating energy demand and environmental concerns, Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) have emerged as an innovative vanguard in bioenergy research. Occupying a distinct niche within this burgeoning field, MFCs hold the potential to concurrently address the imperatives of energy generation and ecological amelioration.
Energetic scaling in microbial growth | PNAS
Accordingly, if − Y C cat Δ G cat is the catabolic energy and Y Δ G a n is the anabolic energy (both in kilojoules mole ED – 1 ), then the microbial energy balance can be written as. − Y C cat Δ G cat = Y Δ G a n + Δ G diss, [4] where the energy dissipated Δ G diss = T Δ S, with Δ S being the entropy production.
Bacterium, Fungus, and Virus Microorganisms for Energy
Since rapidly increasing energy demands have aroused tremendous research activities on energy storage and conversion, microorganisms (e.g., bacteria,
Carbon Metabolic Pathways in Phototrophic Bacteria and Their
Schematic representation of central carbon metabolism in phototrophic bacteria. The metabolic pathways of autotrophic CO 2 fixation (red lines), anaplerotic CO 2 assimilation (green lines), carbohydrate metabolism (blue lines), acetate assimilation (brown lines), and the TCA cycle (black lines) in phototrophic bacteria are shown.
AHL-mediated quorum sensing to regulate bacterial substance and energy
Substance metabolism and energy metabolism are keystones for all living organisms, including bacteria, and are regulated by microbial cell-to-cell communications, such as QS. QS makes it possible to regulate metabolism to improve targeted products without artificial gene modifications, providing an alternative for metabolic regulation as
Microbial production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and its copolymers
When a limiting nutrient is provided to the cell, these energy storage compounds are degraded and are used for bacterial growth as carbon source. Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) was the first PHA to be identified in 1926 by Maurice Lemoige in the bacterium Bacillus megaterium, which showed intra-cellular granules [12] .
Storage of Hydrophobic Polymers in Bacteria | SpringerLink
Lipid storage is quite demanding for bacteria since they must drift carbon, reducing equivalents and energy from their normal growth and division processes. To achieve that, a complex metabolic balance has to be reached at any given moment, involving many different metabolic pathways (glycolysis, pentose-phosphate, ß-oxidation,
Systematic Analysis of Metabolic Pathway Distributions of Bacterial Energy Reserves
Although the enzymes related with metabolism of energy reserves are well understood, there is a lack of systematic investigations into the distribution of bacterial energy reserves from an evolutionary point of view. In this study, we sourced 8282 manually reviewed bacterial reference proteomes and combined a set of hidden Markov sequence
Bacterial nanocellulose: Green polymer materials for high
Hence, energy storage technologies are in the process of incorporating ecofriendly and low-cost electrode/electrolyte materials, with superior electrochemical
Harnessing microorganisms for bioenergy with Microbial Fuel
High unsaturated fatty acids in microalgae pose challenges in the key biodiesel production reaction, esterifying lipids with alcohol. Various methods, detailed in Table 1, include
Bacterial energy metabolism
Bacterial metabolism includes intracellular catabolic and anabolic processes. Most bacteria use sugars as energy sources, release energy through aerobic oxidation or the anaerobic fermentation of sugars, and store energy in the form of ATP. Some autotrophic bacteria also utilize inorganic materials as carbon sources.
Release of extracellular ATP by bacteria during growth
The levels of the extracellular ATP in bacterial cultures peaked around the end of the log phase and decreased in the stationary phase of growth. Extracellular ATP levels were dependent on the cellular respiration as bacterial mutants lacking cytochrome bo oxidase displayed lower extracellular ATP levels. We have also shown that
Cell Inclusions and Storage Granules
These cell inclusions are formed with decreasing pH and from the pool of soluble fusion proteins within the cell. They are the elementary bodies, formed during infectious diseases or within the virus-infected cells such as rabies, herpes, measles, etc. Inclusion bodies are non-living chemical compounds and by-products of cellular metabolism.
